Which IPM practice relies on utilizing the natural enemies of pests?

The practice that relies on utilizing the natural enemies of pests is biological management. This approach involves harnessing natural predators, parasites, or pathogens that can control pest populations without the use of synthetic chemicals. For instance, introducing ladybugs to control aphid populations is a common example of biological management. This practice not only helps in pest control but also promotes a more balanced ecosystem by allowing beneficial organisms to thrive.

In contrast, mechanical management focuses on physical methods to eliminate pests, such as traps or barriers, while cultural management involves changing farming practices or crop rotations to disrupt pest life cycles. Pesticide use refers to the application of chemical substances to kill or manage pests, which does not involve the use of their natural enemies. Each of these other practices has its place in integrated pest management, but specifically utilizing the natural enemies of pests is a hallmark of biological management.